From student loans to retirement, financial wellness benefits need to help four generations of employees

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No matter your age or status, employees can probably agree on at least one thing: they could use more money. 

Whether it's to pay off student loans, put a kid into preschool or college, or save up for a beach-front condo in retirement, what employees are spending on — and saving for — can vary significantly. That means that businesses have to be at the ready with options and strategies for a workforce with diverse financial needs and goals. Are employers up for the challenge? 

"What has become incredibly clear is that a one-size-fits-all approach really doesn't fit anymore, since the needs of different parts of your employee base will vary pretty wildly," says Edward Gottfried, director of product at Betterment at Work. "The different kinds of financial balancing acts weigh heavily on different segments of your employee base, and your package should really be responsive to those." 

Currently, the workforce is made up of four generations: Gen Z are the youngest cohort of employees, and will make up nearly a third of the total workforce by 2025, according to the Bureau of Labor Statistics. Millennials and Gen X are now in the mid-career stage, followed by baby boomers, many of whom are quickly approaching retirement age

Read more: How to recruit Gen Z talent, and why you should

Finding that common through line among these age groups has taken on increasing importance, especially amid high inflation, layoffs and other disruptions that are impacting an employee's personal bottom line. 

"Employees are faced with the same questions: Am I building the right financial habits? Am I doing the right things with money? Am I helping to take control of this part of my life that's causing me anxiety?" Gottfried says. "It's the anxiety that's the most important thing for employers to keep in mind as they're trying to help their employees."  

Traditionally, financial benefits started and stopped with the 401(k). Currently, 67% of private sector employees have access to a 401(k) plan through their employer, according to the BLS, but engagement rates vary widely by generation. The Census Bureau found that as of 2020, 58% of baby boomers, 56% of Gen X and nearly half of millennials participated in a retirement plan. Just 7.7% of Gen Z workers were invested in any retirement savings vehicle at the start of their careers. 

Read more: Bank of America reveals top retirement concerns amid inflation 

This points to an evolving shift in what financial wellness truly means to employees today, and it's more than just building up a robust retirement account. However, more nuanced and varied financial benefits are still limited: only a quarter of employers offer emergency savings benefits, according to research from Bank of America, and just 17% offer student loan repayment support as a benefit, separate research from the Employee Benefit Research Institute found. Optimistically, 63% of organizations say they offer financial literacy education, a basic building block of any financial wellness program. 

"Broad-based financial wellness should be a core component of your well-being strategies," says Lauren Uranker, managing director of corporate relationship management at Goldman Sachs Ayco. "Your well-being strategies need to help everyone — from your youngest employees who need money management around paying off loans and setting up a budget, to the person who is maybe a few months away from retirement and is asking how to decumulate those assets the right way." 

At Goldman Sachs Ayco, the company provides coaching and financial planning benefits for the entire workplace spectrum. Acknowledging that employees have diverse financial needs can help employers tailor their benefits and communications to each group effectively. 

Read more: Financial wellness benefit aims to teach kids about money

"What we offer here at Goldman Sachs Ayco is three tiers of services that cover the same  holistic disciplines of financial planning," Uranker says. "But we deliver it in slightly different ways to match the specific needs of the clients that we're serving within an organization." 

Those delivery strategies may also need to be approached from an age-specific lens, says Nathan Voris, director of investments, insights and consultant services for Schwab Retirement Plan Services. For example, a survey by Forbes Advisor found that 79% of Gen Z and millennials get their financial advice from social media and the internet. As such, employers should respond with digital-first benefits that offer a personalized touch.  

"It's clear that Gen Z's want personalized advice, so it's not just about the benefit, but how it's delivered," Voris says. "But I will say, we see plenty of 60-year-olds that are very technologically savvy and are engaging in ways that we would assume a Gen Z person would engage in. So while generational analysis is important, it's not universal. Those lines are blurry." 

That blurriness is putting added pressure on employers — 97% of leaders say they feel responsible for their employees' financial well-being, according to data from Bank of America. And employees themselves are willing to walk away from organizations that don't support their financial needs. If employers want to stay ahead of any lingering Great Resignation trends, they need to think carefully about how their benefits address a multi-generational staff.  

"There is an expectation that having a compelling set of benefits that addresses their financial needs ties into employee loyalty," Gottfried says. "There's an expectation that their employer should pay to play a role in helping them." 

Read more: Financial wellness has gone digital — Are your benefits keeping up?

To do so, employers need to acknowledge that every generation has a unique set of financial circumstances, and that those will only get more complex as they age. While employees begin their career with student loans and in need of basic financial education, millennials and Gen X may still be shouldering those debt burdens on top of caregiving responsibilities, more complex investing portfolios and efforts to beef up their retirement savings. 

"It's the flexibility of acknowledging that some goals are big, and some goals are really small, but that they're both equally important," Voris says. "And as you age, sometimes issues get more complex. So the next question is, do we have the solutions to meet the challenges of those complex situations?" 

As employees get closer to leaving the workforce, goals will shift to not just accumulating those dollars for retirement, but spending them appropriately. Making sure a 401(k) provider has options in place to walk employees through this next phase is crucial to closing the loop. 

"As we've historically focused on that accumulation phase, it's very, very important for the retiree to have those resources available to them," Voris says. "One of our key industry trends is to think about how your plan is built for the pre-retiree, and then keeping that retiree in the plan. Have that education content and services and solutions for that." 

Read more: Advisers in conversation: Creating lifetime income in retirement

Employers can offload some of this responsibility to their benefit providers and plan sponsors. Access to financial advisers and professionals is increasingly valued among all employee age groups, relieving employers from the burden of navigating these challenging conversations with their benefits alone.  

Employers should prepare themselves for a decades-long conversation about financial wellness — it's not just what you're offering for employees today, but how they can use those lessons no matter the circumstance. 

"That's an interesting thing for employers to be considering is, how do I help build strong financial habits with my employees and help them understand the lifelong journey that they are on that includes competing priorities," Gottfried says. "There's been a pretty robust expansion of having different areas where you can go to help your employees get support. But now it's about thinking, how do I bring these together in one place? No part of financial life should exist in a vacuum." 

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